基于多基表示的滑动窗口椭圆曲线多标量乘算法

标量乘运算从整体上决定了椭圆曲线密码体制的快速实现效率，在一些椭圆曲线公钥密码体制中需要计算多标量乘。多基数链的标量表示长度更短、非零比特数目更少，较好地适用于椭圆曲线标量乘的快速计算。为了提高椭圆曲线密码的效率，在已有的二进制域和素域的标量乘算法的基础上，结合滑动窗口技术、多基算法，提出新的更高效的多标量乘算法。实验结果表明，新算法与传统Shamir算法和交错NAF算法相比，其所需的运算量更少，能有效地提高椭圆曲线多标量乘算法的效率，使多标量乘的运算更高效。相比于其他算法，新算法的计算效率比已有的多标量乘算法提高了约7.9%~20.6%。     

高精度数控机床非均匀有理B样条曲线插补控制研究

在复杂曲面数控加工中,经常应用非均匀有理B样条曲线。介绍了非均匀有理B样条曲线插补原理,分析了传统非均匀有理B样条曲线插补方法,即泰勒展开法,确认泰勒展开法在计算精度和时效性等方面存在不足。针对泰勒展开法存在的不足,提出采用割线法进行非均匀有理B样条曲线插补。介绍了割线法插补原理,分析了迭代运算初值及终止判定问题。通过对比确认,割线法求解时间短,精度较高,可以满足高精度数控机床非均匀有理B样条曲线的插补控制要求。     

Increased Uptake of Chelated Copper Ions by Lolium perenne Attributed to Amplified Membrane and Endodermal Damage

The contributions of mechanisms by which chelators influence metal translocation to plant shoot tissues are analyzed using a combination of numerical modelling and physical experiments. The model distinguishes between apoplastic and symplastic pathways of water and solute movement. It also includes the barrier effects of the endodermis and plasma membrane. Simulations are used to assess transport pathways for free and chelated metals, identifying mechanisms involved in chelate-enhanced phytoextraction. Hypothesized transport mechanisms and parameters specific to amendment treatments are estimated, with simulated results compared to experimental data. Parameter values for each amendment treatment are estimated based on literature and experimental values, and used for model calibration and simulation of amendment influences on solute transport pathways and mechanisms. Modeling indicates that chelation alters the pathways for Cu transport. For free ions, Cu transport to leaf tissue can be described using purely apoplastic or transcellular pathways. For strong chelators (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)), transport by the purely apoplastic pathway is insufficient to represent measured Cu transport to leaf tissue. Consistent with experimental observations, increased membrane permeability is required for simulating translocation in EDTA and DTPA treatments. Increasing the membrane permeability is key to enhancing phytoextraction efficiency.     

柴达木盆地三湖坳陷横波勘探中的低幅异常消除技术

近年来,在柴达木盆地三湖坳陷开展了横波地震勘探,但是由于该区低幅度构造发育,横波静校正引起的"低幅"异常与上述低幅度构造相互混杂,难以区分。为此,针对该区横波表层调查难以控制表层横波速度模型的变化、横波近偏移距初至污染严重、横波折射层发育导致高速界面难以确定等问题,首先采用曲线拟合技术预测污染区横波初至时间确保初至完整性,然后采用面波模型与多层折射分层联合约束反演横波表层速度,最后通过基于速度谱分析的层位匹配建模技术确定合理的横波速度界面,形成了横波表层"低幅"异常消除技术,并进行了现场应用及效果评价。研究结果表明:①曲线拟合技术可以弥补近道污染区横波初至空白,保证层析反演模型的完整性;②基于瑞雷波的频散特性反演建模可以为确定该区浅层横波速度提供可靠的资料,提高浅层模型精度;③面波模型与多层折射分层联合约束反演能够更准确的反演该区表层横波速度场,较好地建立横波速度模型,消除横波剖面上"低幅"异常现象。结论认为,所形成的横波地震勘探低幅异常消除技术消除了横波静校正引起的"低幅"异常现象,提高了横波地震资料的成像品质。     

基于主曲线的书法字动态重现算法

如何高效逼真地动态重现书法作品的创作过程日益成为亟需解决的问题,因此文中提出基于主曲线的书法字动态重现方法,解决当前细化算法在提取骨架时存在的无效分支较多、不能保证笔画的连续性和准确性的问题.结合书法字自身结构对主曲线算法进行改进和优化.对书法图像进行骨架提取、骨架追踪、笔顺获取等处理,结合骨架信息和二值图像实现笔画宽度复原,针对笔画宽度存在的“肿瘤”问题,提出“角点剔除法”进行修正,结合HTML5的Canvas绘图技术进行书法字动态书写过程.在模拟数据集上的实验表明,文中算法的书法动态重现取得较好效果.     

Gasification biochar as a valuable by-product for carbon sequestration and soil amendment

Thermal gasification of various biomass residues is a promising technology for combining bioenergy production with soil fertility management through the application of the resulting biochar as soil amendment. In this study, we investigated gasification biochar (GB) materials originating from two major global biomass fuels: straw gasification biochar (SGB) and wood gasification biochar (WGB), produced by a Low Temperature Circulating Fluidized Bed gasifier (LT-CFB) and a TwoStage gasifier, respectively, optimized for energy conversion. Stability of carbon in GB against microbial degradation was assessed in a short-term soil incubation study and compared to the traditional practice of direct incorporation of cereal straw. The GBs were chemically and physically characterized to evaluate their potential to improve soil quality parameters. After 110 days of incubation, about 3% of the added GB carbon was respired as CO₂, compared to 80% of the straw carbon added. The stability of GB was also confirmed by low H/C and O/C atomic ratios with lowest values for WGB (H/C 0.12 and O/C 0.10). The soil application of GBs exhibited a liming effect increasing the soil pH from ca 8 to 9. Results from scanning electron microscopy and BET analyses showed high porosity and specific surface area of both GBs, indicating a high potential to increase important soil quality parameters such as soil structure, nutrient and water retention, especially for WGB. These results seem promising regarding the possibility to combine an efficient bioenergy production with various soil aspects such as carbon sequestration and soil quality improvements.     

基于Gompertz成长曲线的真空预压软土沉降规律分析

对真空预压软土沉降变化规律进行分析,发现其与社会经济预测中的Gompertz成长曲线变化规律相似。引入Gompertz成长曲线模型,采用3段估计法求解模型参数;同时,结合具体工程实例,对真空预压软土的表面累计沉降数据进行拟合和分析,并与双曲线模型和指数曲线模型进行比较。研究结果表明,Gompertz成长曲线模型拟合曲线与实测曲线吻合良好,采用该模型进行真空预压软土沉降变化规律分析是可行的,并可根据所反映出的沉降发展变化趋势,作出沉降预测,计算工后沉降及确定卸荷时间。与双曲线模型和指数曲线模型比较,Gompertz成长曲线模型适应性较好,趋势预测准确性高。最后指出应用Gompertz成长曲线模型进行分析时应注意抽真空的连续性、实测时间序列数据能等分成3组及保证实测沉降数据已进入弹塑性阶段等问题。     

对国内外建筑法调整范围的比较分析及修改建议

我国《建筑法》的调整范围仅限于房屋建筑工程,这与其立法宗旨相悖,不仅与其作为建筑业母法的地位不符,也与其他建设法规不协调。因此《建筑法》在实施过程中,不仅使司法机关产生困惑,更导致了行政管理上的混乱。反观美、英、日本、韩国、我国台湾地区的建筑法,调整范围虽不相同,但均与其行政管理体制相符合,显得更为严谨。本文对此差异进行了比较和分析,建议将调整范围扩大为整个土木工程,使之与行政管理体制更吻合,并对于法条的修改提出了建议。     

端承桩承载力不会随时间而增长

强风化岩的力学指标不会随时间而增长，而淤泥层的固结，在端承桩条件下只能引起桩侧负摩擦而使桩的有效承载力略为下降。“解析法推算”所得桩极限荷载，只是预测试桩当时可能达到的极限荷载，而与“时间推移”无关。     

混凝土结构理论发展及规范修订的建议

简述了我国混凝土结构理论及规范发展的概况及存在问题,展望了理论发展并提出了规范修订的建议。包括:强调概念设计及结构整体性的重要,扩展结构分析的内容,丰富内力计算、耐久性设计、基于性能的设计以及既有结构再设计的内容,推进高强、高性能钢筋及混凝土的应用,钢筋按延性分级并界定用途,完善预应力构件、轻骨料混凝土结构、叠合结构、装配整体式结构、少筋混凝土结构的设计方法,补充复合抗力的计算,调整挠度、裂缝控制的验算方法,引入结构缝设计的概念,调整最小配筋率,实现与其它标准规范的合理分工、协调与统一,强化混凝土结构施工质量检查验收并使之科学化等。本文有助于深入理解混凝土结构规范,并可供有关科研选题参考。